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The character Laudine is described as the wife and widow of 'Esclados' (See Esclados) in some legends who later marries 'Owain' (See Owain).
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aka 'Dame du Lac', 'Nimue', 'Lady Nimue', 'Niniane', 'Vivienne', 'Vivien', 'Lady Vivien', 'Raven'.
Also referred to as 'Alaida', 'Saraide', 'Laitha'.
Of Breton Arthurian origin. Also an enchantress of 'Merlin' (See Merlin) as alluded to in the Scottish (Keltic) legend of 'Thomas of Rymour' (See Thomas of Rymour) who tempts Merlin to stay a while with her in the Joyous Garden. Most commonly referred to as 'Merlin's' love interest. In the guise of Nimue, Niniane and Vivienne she deceives Merlin, succeeding in imprisoning him under a stone.
In some legends she is referred to as Lady Nimue, being a priestess, wife of 'Pelleas' (See Pelleas), daughter of 'A vavasour Dinas' who was said to have imprisoned Merlin at 'Clas Myrddyn' (See Clas Myrddryn) in the 'Forest of Broceliande' (See Broceliande), a similar fate to the Joyous Garden. His willing fate in being trapped here was the result of her asking him how a tower could be made from nothing but air. He is said to have loved her dearly. As Nimue she is also said to be the daughter of 'Diones', a low ranking noble according to 'Malory' (See Malory).
This tower is described in some legends as not being made from air but made of glass, in the form of a spiral. This was said to be located in the 'Otherworld' (See Otherworld) drawing on Nimue's association with the arcane. This type of tower would today probably be described as an invisible force field. According to ancient legend the prisoner is kept here for a determined period until the forces of life and death and all that control them are learnt.
Believed to be the same person as 'Morgan le Fay' (See Morgan le Fay) daughter of 'Igraine' (See Igraine) and 'Gerlois' (See Gerlois), half-sister of 'Arthur' (See Arthur), sister of 'Morgause' (See Morgause). Likened to the 'Gwagged Annwn' as told in ancient Welsh tradition. Said to have cured 'Lancelot' (See Lancelot) of madness.
In the work of 'Malory' (See Malory) the Lady of the Lake is said to have given the sword 'Excalibur' (See Excalibur) to Arthur. It is 'Bedivere' (See Bedivere) who returns Excalibur to the Lady of the Lake when Arthur is injured at the 'Battle of Camlan' (See Camlan).
She is seen to be similar to the 'Lady of the Fountain' (See Lady of the Fountain) or the Damsels who guard the wells in the 'Amangons' (See Amangons) stories, and encapsulates the embodiment of the righteousness of Kings, being associated with the Otherworld (See Otherworld). As Vivien she is said to dwell in the middle of the lake from which Excalibur appeared.
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She is said to have been married to 'Gaheris' (See Gaheris). She is said to have sent for 'Gareth' (See Gareth) to rescue Lyonesse from the 'Red Knight of the Red Lands' (See Ironside).
This character is often aligned with 'Lady Elizabeth Lyonesse' (See Lady Elizabeth Lyonesse).
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Believed to have asked 'Arthur' (See Arthur) to provide her with Gawain as a husband if she gave him the answer to a question posed by 'Gromer Somer Joure'. The question was 'what is it that women most desire?'. The answer to the question was 'Sovereignty' (See Sovereignty), which in later versions of the legend was altered to become the answer a woman most desires 'her own way'.
Gromer placed an enchantment upon his sister so that she took the form of the 'Loathly Lady' (See Loathly Lady).
The story regarding Sovereignty is seen to be a precursor of the story of Bath's wife in 'The Canterbury Tales'.
She is detailed in the 'The Marriage of Dame Ragnell'.
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Lover of 'Morgause' (See Morgause) and said to have later been killed by her sons in revenge for the death of their father, and for his union with their mother. He was the greatest enemy of Morgause's husband 'King Lot of Lothian and Orkney' (See Lot).
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A Knight of the Round Table, in most legends said to be the son of 'King Ban of Brittany' (See Ban) and 'Elaine the White' (See Elaine the White), although other stories indicate that Lancelot was not born to a peer, being brought-up by the Lady of the Lake, hence his French name Lancelot du Lac. His family ties are somewhat confusing as there are many characters mentioned as possibly being a brother of Lancelot or a son of King Ban.
In some of the Grail romances, Lancelot is the brother of 'Bors de Ganis' (See Bors de Ganis), 'Ector de Maris' as a half-brother and 'Galehodin, Duke of Saintongue' (See Galehodin). Thought to be a descendant of 'Celidoine, the King of Scotland'.
In other later legends he is the cousin of 'Lionel' (See Lionel), Bors de Ganis, and the father of two sons 'Blamore' and 'Bleoberis'.
Later Arthurian legends present Lancelot as a character who reflects some of the most notable traits of 'Llew' (See Llew Llaw Gyffes), 'Lugh' (See Lugh) and 'Llwch Llawwyanawc'.
Lancelot's family were said to have been consumed by fire at their castle according to one Grail romance legend, and so Lancelot was cared for by the 'Lady Of The Lake' (See Lady of the Lake) when an infant and taken to live under the lake. Some legends detail her to be the 'Dame du Lac' (See Lady of the Lake) becoming known as Lancelot's foster-mother. Lancelot became highly skilled in the arms and craft of warfare.
When matured, or at the age of eighteen in some legends, the Lady presented him to 'King Arthur' (See Arthur) in the presence of 'Gawain' (See Gawain). He agreed to Lancelot being cared for under his stewardship, and the Lady's request Lancelot was knighted at Midsummer. Although in some stories we are given that he was the model of honour, chivalry and fidelity we are later told he was the adulterous lover of 'Guinevere' (See Guinevere), Queen and wife to King Arthur, and the cause of the downfall of the Knights of the Round Table.
Lancelot is portrayed as presenting himself as 'Arthur's' best friend in some Grail romance legends, despite his desires and he tries hard to resist temptation. His initial resistance and his friendship with the King ultimately add impact to the manner in which Lancelot's actions are viewed, and the depth of the King's pain.
Lancelot is the Knight that is flawed, afflicted in Christian legends with moral sin, thus meaning he could not achieve The Grail. Arthurian romance indicates that the moment Guinevere buckled Lancelot's belt as he was knighted, and as he was to serve as the Queen's own Knight the fate of the two was sealed. Perhaps to control his urges Lancelot is then revealed to have been a Knight whose reputation grew steadily over the next few years as he stayed away from court, and Guinevere, slaying demons and achieving victory in many battles. Having learned of his true status Lancelot eventually returned to Arthur's court and became Guinevere's lover. Morgan le Fay revealed the truth of their relationship to Arthur, and Lancelot was sought. Again the same legend tells that he appeared at court many months later as a weakened man saying that he had been held prisoner by Morgan, who had stolen his ring, which she had used against him to prove of his affair. Peace resumed but the adulterous affair continued, and Lancelot was seen as a man who had lied to his king.
Lancelot was described as the only Knight to have not been beaten in any tournament or battle except by his son 'Galahad' (See Galahad) who was conceived under enchantment, Lancelot believing he was with Guinevere when in fact he was with 'Elaine de Corbenic' (See Elaine de Corbenic).
Bors de Galis, 'Perceval' (See Perceval) and Lancelot's son Galahad were reputed to have achieved 'The Grail' (See Grail). Lancelot is known to have killed many of the Knights of the Round Table as he attempted to escape capture when found in 'Guinevere's' (See Guinevere), the Queen's, Chamber. The birth of his son signals Lancelot's downfall, and in fact for all those of Arthur's court, as time begins to be curtailed as the kingdom falls apart despite Galahad's achievement of the Grail. Lancelot's failure to achieve it is a sure sign of his adultery with Arthur's wife.
Lancelot du Lac is further associated with 'Nimue' (See Lady of the Lake) in the work of 'Chrétien de Troyes' (See Chrétien de Troyes) as she is said in some of the Arthurian romances to have brought Lancelot du Lac to Arthur's court, whereupon having been knighted he undertook the healing of 'Sir Urrey of Hungary', a badly wounded knight.
Reputed to have killed his greatest friend 'Gareth of Orkney' (See Gareth), and many of the Knights of the Round Table when later escaping from Guinevere's chamber when the affair was revealed and also when rescuing her from being burned at the stake.
One of his greatest adventures was to recover Guinevere from 'Meleagant' (See Melwas).
In some legends 'Hellawes', also known as the 'Lady of the Castle Nigramours', of Necromancy, is said to be a spurned lover of Lancelot. 'Elaine of Astolat' (See Elaine de Astolat) suffered the same fate.
After the wounded King Arthur departed to 'Avalon' (See Avalon) Lancelot is said to have taken to a hermitage and become a holy man. When he eventually died he was laid to rest at at 'Joyous Gard', his own castle (See Joyous Gard).
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Supporter of 'King Arthur' (See Arthur). He was given the present of the Round Table by 'Uther Pendragon' (See Uther Pendragon), and then believed to have given the same table as a gift to Arthur on the marriage of his daughter, so binding his family with all that the table symbolised.
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Thought to have led to the development of the character of 'Lancelot' (See Lancelot) and perhaps reflects the development of 'Lugh' (See Lugh) and 'Llew' (See Llew Llaw Gyffes).
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Believed also to be the father of 'Manawyddan' (See Manawyddan).
Llyr has been described as being a character of ancient Celtic legend that may have been the basis for later dramatic characters such as 'Geoffrey of Monmouth's' work 'The Irish Lir' (See Geoffrey of Monmouth), and the King himself in 'Shakespeare's' play of the same name 'King Lear'(See Creuddylad).
In the early Welsh Triads, Llyr is identified as one of the three held prisoner by the Britons.
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Killed by 'King Pellinore' (See Pellinore). Lot was seen to be directly opposed to Arthur's claim to the Kingdom and rule of Britain (See Arthur), which led to his sons being at battle with the offspring of Pellinore.
Lot was the father of 'Gawain' (See Gawain), 'Gareth' (See Gareth), 'Agravain' (See Agravain), 'Gaheris' (See Gaheris).
He is said to have been the father of 'Cundrie' (See Sovereignty) in some legends.
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In Irish legends Lugh is one of the four who guarded the contents of 'The Hallows' (See Hallows), brought by the 'Tuatha de Danaan' (See Tuatha de Danaan) to Ireland, together with 'Manannan', 'Cumhal' (See Cumhal), 'Fionn' (See Fionn). Described as being extremely gifted with the use of weapons and the many associated crafts and techniques of battle. He is seen to be symbolic of the achievement of good over evil, light triumphing over darkness.
Specifically he was the Guardian of the 'Spear from Gorias' (See Gorias). This character is seen to be similar to that of 'Llew', and 'Llwch Llawwynawc' in that he helped 'Arthur' (See Arthur) at 'Annwn' (See Annwn) to obtain the Cauldron. His character is also thought to have influenced the development of the character of 'Lancelot' (See Lancelot), and be similar to the character of 'Llew Llaw Gyffes' (See Llew Llaw Gyffes).
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Believed to have owned a ring, known as 'Lunet's Ring', that provided the wearer with the power of invisibility. The ring was given to Owain.
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'Edmund Spenser' (See Spenser) developed the idea that 'Tristan' (See Tristan) was born here, the place where his mother died, and later other writers reported that the land was thought to have at least 140 churches upon it. After the death of 'Lady Lyonesse' (See Lady Lynette Lyonesse) the land is said to have become submerged beneath the water.
It is suggested that Lyonesse is associated with other mystical places such as 'Atlantis', but perhaps most important of all is that this may have been the original home of 'Arthur' (See Arthur). 'Tennyson' (See Tennyson) indicated that this was in fact the place where Arthur died.
'Of Faery damsels met in the forest wide
By the knights of Logres, or of Lyones,
Lancelot, or Pelleas, or Pellenore.'Milton : Paradise Regained.
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